In the following table, revenues are broken down into a combination of transport type and geographic area.
(in millions of euros) | 2019 | 2018 |
Train-related transport in the Netherlands | 2,661 | 2,510 |
Station development and operation in the Netherlands | 547 | 592 |
Train-related transport in the United Kingdom | 2,696 | 2,248 |
Bus-related transport in the United Kingdom | 223 | 219 |
Train-related transport in Germany | 534 | 357 |
Total revenue | 6,661 | 5,926 |
Station development and operation in the Netherlands includes an amount of €32 million (2018: €27 million) relating to development activities.
The increase in revenue from train-related transport in the United Kingdom is mainly due to the start of the East Midlands concession on 18 August 2019.
Accounting policies
Revenue
Revenue is recognised on the basis of the fee established in a contract with a customer. The Group recognises revenue when it transfers control of a good or service to a customer. Sales include the transport revenues and revenues from other business activities less discounts and turnover tax.
Provision of services and sale of goods
Revenue from the sale of travel rights is recognised when the travel right arises. Revenue from season tickets is recognised over time and spread over the period in the profit and loss account over the validity of the period of the season ticket.
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised in the income statement when control of the goods has been transferred to the buyer, recovery of the consideration due is probable and the associated costs or any returns of goods can be estimated reliably. Government or similar fees arising from transport contracts or franchises are recognised in the income statement over the period to which the fee relates.
Rental income
Rental income from property is recognised in the income statement over time, over the term of the lease. Commitment costs incurred as an incentive to enter into lease arrangements are recognised as an integral part of the total rental income and spread on a straight-line basis over the contract period.